India rank 38 in Global innovation index. Its position was 81 in 2015, its rise is mainly attributed to increase in corporate Research and Developemnt. If you look at present Global Research and Develoopment Landscape it is highly concentrated in few countries like USA, Japan, China, and E.U. These countries collectively contribute 90% of Global Research and Developement.
In india Public secotr account about 46% of Research and Development. India’s total spending is about 0.7% of its GDP far below the many advanced economies. In corporate sector situation is also very grim. Among the total 2000 firms , only 87 firms spend more than 1 Billion. In contrast USA MNC invested about 40.6 Billion in R and D in India and Indian MNC spend only 2.1 Billion Dollar in USA in same period.
Further India MC R & D funding also concentrated in Automobile, health and related servides. In contrast Japan like countries spend more on Electrocnics, advance manufacuturing and Construction. In India Tata motor rank 63 Globally in corporate R&D. Its alone constitute 58% of India’s corporate R&D.
Reasons of Low R&D
In India Govt is major contributor of R&D, where as Private sector contribute very little. Though India has large maket size but funding is not proportion to emerging market and technologies. There is Dillema Indian market is expanding wihtout R&D.
Secondly India’s big business house are mainly in traditional Business, which require very little Innovation or no innovation. Indian Business house fouces more on short solution of importing technlogies than developing in house capabilities and later scale on the same.
Structurally Indian education system on ground level is very weak. Teachers remain Politically active to manange their transfer, Protesting for salary hike etc. Most Govt teachers got Job not clearing Govt exams but some sort of political interferenece. At university level again backdoor entries are very common, like school teachers they also have various challenges of Transfer, non teaching duties, distribution of non teaching work etc. All this make our education system a centre of Political struggle where each one is fighting for his own survial.
Solution
Corporate house focus more on short term gain and trading. They add cost wihout any value addition. Thus India’s Poor Researcha and Development environment is product of its fractured and distrusted society.
If Govt really want to make India an Global innovation house its focus must be on building Societal Trust, ensuring stability in People life and strick Law. India’s poor Rsearcha and Developement culture is its reflection of poor and distrusted society.
